This suggests descent from the Proto-Indo-European * piHwerjon- ("fertile land" or "abundant land"), from the adjective *piHwer- ("fat") – cognate with Ancient Greek píeira and Sanskrit pīvarī, ("fat, full, abounding"). The Archaic Irish form was borrowed into Ancient Greek. The Pseudo-Aristotelian text On the Universe (393b) has: During his exploration of northwest Europe (circa 320 BCE), Pytheas of Massilia called the island Ierne (written Ἰέρνη). Translation: There are two very large islands in it, called the British Isles, Albion and Ierne. In his book Geographia (circa 150 CE), Claudius Ptolemaeus called the island Iouernia (written Ἰουερνία ou represented /w/) and named a tribal group called the ( Ἰούερνοι, Iouernoi or Iverni who lived in the southwest. Proto-Celtic * Φīwerjon- (nominative singular * Φīwerjū)Īn Old Irish by-form of this placename was íriu, meaning "land, earth".The evolution of the word would follow as such: This was borrowed into Latin as Hibernia.
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